a.
Active Form
In active
sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the
thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active. (Dalam
kalimat aktif, melakukan tindakan adalah subjek kalimat dan menerima tindakan
adalah objek. Kebanyakan kalimat aktif.)
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]
b. Passive Form
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the
action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is
optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form
if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be
emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing
the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action. (Dalam
kalimat pasif, hal menerima tindakan adalah subjek kalimat)
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] +
[thing doing action]
2. Present Simple, Present
Continuous, and Present Perfect
a. Present Simple
Simple Present
Tense adalah kalimat yang menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kegiatan yang
berlangsung/terjadi pada waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana atau pekerjaan
yang dilakukan berulang-ulang, kebiasaan sehari-hari, peristiwa atau perbuatan
yang tidak ada kaitannya dengan waktu, dan untuk mengekspresikan kebenaran
umum.
1) Active:
a)
Positive (+) = Subject + V1(s/es) + O
b)
Negative (-) = Subject + Do/Does + Not + V1 + O
c)
Interrogative (?)= Do/Does + Subject + V1 + O
2) Passive
a)
Positive (+) = O + To be + V3 + By + S
b)
Negative (-) = O + To be + Not + V3 + By + S
c)
Interrogative (?)= To be + O + V3 + By + S
Contoh :
1) Active = she reads a book (+)
Passive = a book
is read by her (+)
2) Active = Does she read a
book? (?)
Passive = Is a
book read by her (?)
3) Active = I wear a black
jacket (+)
Passive = a black
jacket is worn by me (+)
4) Pasive = I am loved by her
(+)
Active = She love
me (+)
b.
Present Continuous
Present
Continuous Tense biasa disebut juga Present Progressive Tense adalah bentuk
waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan, keadaan atau peristiwa
yang sedang terjadi pada saat dibicarakan.
1) Active:
a) Positive (+) = Subject + To
be + Ving + O
b) Negative (-) = Subject + To
be + Not + Ving + O
c) Interrogative (?)= To be +
Subject + Ving + O
2) Passive
1. Positive (+) =
O + To be + Being + V3 + By + S
2. Negative (-) =
O + To be + Not + Being + V3 + By + S
3. Interrogative
(?)= To be + O + Being + V3 + By + S
Contoh :
1) Active = My mother is cooking
a dinner for me (+)
Passive = A
dinner is being cooked by my mother for me (+)
2) Active = Is my mother cooking
a dinner for me? (?)
Passive = Is a
dinner being cooked by my mother for me? (?)
3) Pasive = The wedding party is
being celebrated by my parents (+)
Active = My
parents are celebrating the wedding party(+)
c. Present Perfect
Present perfect
tense merupakan bentuk waktu untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan
yang sudah terjadi atau dikerjakan pada masa lalu dan masih berhubungan dengan
masa sekarang. Masa lalu berarti masa yang telah lalu, kejadian yang
berlangsung beberapa menit lalu juga bisa dibilang masa lalu. Dengan kata lain,
masa lalu di sini berarti waktu yang telah berlalu.
1) Active:
a) Positive (+) = Subject +
Has/Have + V3 + O
b) Negative (-) = Subject +
Has/Have + Not + V3 + O
c) Interrogative (?)= Has/Have +
Subject + V3 + O
2) Passive
a) Positive (+) = O + Has/Have +
Been + V3 + By + S
b) Negative (-) = O + Has/Have +
Not + Been + V3 + By + S
c) Interrogative (?)= Has/Have +
O + Been + V3 + By + S
Contoh :
1) Active = I have finished the
home work (+)
Passive = The
home work has been finished by me (+)
2) Active = Have I finished the
home work? (?)
Passive = Has the
home work been finished by me? (?)
Sumber
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