Minggu, 16 April 2017

Pt 3 "Penggunaan Kalimat Aktif dan Pasif dalam bentuk Present"

Penggunaan Kalimat Aktif dan Pasif dalam bentuk Present

1.     Active and Passive sentence In Present form
a.    Active Form
In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active. (Dalam kalimat aktif, melakukan tindakan adalah subjek kalimat dan menerima tindakan adalah objek. Kebanyakan kalimat aktif.)
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]
b.    Passive Form
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action. (Dalam kalimat pasif, hal menerima tindakan adalah subjek kalimat)
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]
2.    Present Simple, Present Continuous, and Present Perfect
a.    Present Simple
Simple Present Tense adalah kalimat yang menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau kegiatan yang berlangsung/terjadi pada waktu sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana atau pekerjaan yang dilakukan berulang-ulang, kebiasaan sehari-hari, peristiwa atau perbuatan yang tidak ada kaitannya dengan waktu, dan untuk mengekspresikan kebenaran umum.
1)    Active:
a)    Positive (+) = Subject + V1(s/es) + O
b)   Negative (-) = Subject + Do/Does + Not + V1 + O
c)    Interrogative (?)= Do/Does + Subject + V1 + O
2)   Passive
a)    Positive (+) = O + To be + V3 + By + S
b)   Negative (-) = O + To be + Not + V3 + By + S
c)    Interrogative (?)= To be + O + V3 + By + S
Contoh :
1)    Active = she reads a book (+)
Passive = a book is read by her (+)
2)   Active = Does she read a book? (?)
Passive = Is a book read by her (?)
3)   Active = I wear a black jacket (+)
Passive = a black jacket is worn by me (+)
4)   Pasive = I am loved by her (+)
Active = She love me (+)
b.    Present Continuous
Present Continuous Tense biasa disebut juga Present Progressive Tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan, keadaan atau peristiwa yang sedang terjadi pada saat dibicarakan.
1)    Active:
a)    Positive (+) = Subject + To be + Ving + O
b)   Negative (-) = Subject + To be + Not + Ving + O
c)    Interrogative (?)= To be + Subject + Ving + O
2)   Passive
1. Positive (+) = O + To be + Being + V3 + By + S
2. Negative (-) = O + To be + Not + Being + V3 + By + S
3. Interrogative (?)= To be + O + Being + V3 + By + S

Contoh :
1)    Active = My mother is cooking a dinner for me (+)
Passive = A dinner is being cooked by my mother for me (+)
2)   Active = Is my mother cooking a dinner for me? (?)
Passive = Is a dinner being cooked by my mother for me? (?)
3)   Pasive = The wedding party is being celebrated by my parents (+)
Active = My parents are celebrating the wedding party(+)
c.    Present Perfect
Present perfect tense merupakan bentuk waktu untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan yang sudah terjadi atau dikerjakan pada masa lalu dan masih berhubungan dengan masa sekarang. Masa lalu berarti masa yang telah lalu, kejadian yang berlangsung beberapa menit lalu juga bisa dibilang masa lalu. Dengan kata lain, masa lalu di sini berarti waktu yang telah berlalu.
1)    Active:
a)    Positive (+) = Subject + Has/Have + V3 + O
b)   Negative (-) = Subject + Has/Have + Not + V3 + O
c)    Interrogative (?)= Has/Have + Subject + V3 + O
2)   Passive
a)    Positive (+) = O + Has/Have + Been + V3 + By + S
b)   Negative (-) = O + Has/Have + Not + Been + V3 + By + S
c)    Interrogative (?)= Has/Have + O + Been + V3 + By + S
Contoh :
1)    Active = I have finished the home work (+)
Passive = The home work has been finished by me (+)
2)   Active = Have I finished the home work? (?)
Passive = Has the home work been finished by me? (?)

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