Penggunaan
Kalimat Aktif dan Pasif dalam bentuk Past
1.
Past Simple, Past
Continuous, and Past Perfect
a.
Past Simple
Passive pada Intransitive Verb (Prepositional
Passive) :
Subject pada passive voice merupakan object pada
active voice dengan was untuk subject tunggal, sedangkan were untuk subject
jamak. Adapun agent pada passive voice merupakan subject pada active voice.
Berikut rumus passive voice dalam simple past
tense:
1)
Active Voice
[S + verb-2 + direct object participle +/- by … (agent)]
2)
Passive Voice
[S (direct object) + was/were + past]
Rumus di atas berlaku untuk transitive verb.
Passive Voice pada Intransitive Verb
Subject pada passive voice merupakan object of
preposition pada active voice.
1)
Active Voice
[S + verb-2int + preposition + object of preposition]
2)
Passive Voice
[S (object of preposition) + was/were + past participle + preposition +/-
by … (agent)]
Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice – Simple Past Tense
1)
Aktif : Sunmark Press
printed the first book in 2005.
(Sunmark Press mencetak buku pertama tersebut pada
tahun 2005.)
Pasif : The first book was printed in 2005 by
Sunmark Press.
(Buku pertama tersebut dicetak pada tahun 2005
oleh Sunmark Press.)
2)
Aktif : Someone left the
letter when he was away from his desk. (Seseorang meninggalkan surat tersebut
ketika dia jauh dari mejanya.)
Pasif : The letter was left when he was away from
his desk. (Surat tersebut ditinggalkan ketika dia jauh dari mejanya.)
b.
Past Continuous
1)
Active sentences in the
past continuous tense have the following structure:
[Subject + was/were + -ing form of the verb + object]
2)
Passive sentences in the
past continuous tense have the following structure:
[Object of the active sentence + was/were + being + past participle form
of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence]
Contoh :
1)
Active: She was writing a
novel.
Passive: A novel was being written by her.
2)
Active: They were saying
their prayers.
Passive: Their prayers were being said by them.
3)
Active: He was giving a
lecture.
Passive: A lecture was being given by him.
c.
Past Perfect
1)
Active voice:
[Subject + had + past participle form of the verb
+ object]
2)
Passive voice:
[Object of the active sentence + had + been + past
participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence]
Contoh :
1)
Active: I had never
experienced such difficulty.
Passive: Such difficulty had never been
experienced by me.
2)
Active: I had not listened
to him.
Passive: He had not been listened to by me.
3)
Active: I had finished my
work.
Passive: My work had been finished by me.
4)
Active: I had written a
letter.
Passive: A letter had been written by me.
5)
Active: He had given a
lecture.
Passive: A lecture had been given by him.
Sumber :
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